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History of Hyderabad has a significant place in Indian history of the pre-British area, people have a vague idea on the history of Hyderabad, yet everyone can say proudly it is the city ruled by the brave Nizams for a long time. While visiting Hyderabad, tourists will surprise to see its heritage monuments built by the Golkonda sultans and successive Nizams and the Secunderabad city which is once the British cantonment area. Before the Golkonda sultans there were independent states in Hyderabad and other present southern states ruled by local dynasties. Hyderabad has been evolving from its rule of the Qutub Shahi dynasty, witnessing political turmoil during the invasion of the Mughals, till to its British colonization.

Hyderabad is a witness to rise and fall of the many dynasties. Qutub Shahi rule was the most glorious one and many of the monuments built during his rule. It was earlier known as Golkonda and further named as Hyderabad by Mohammed Quli Qutub Shah of the Shahi Dynasty. It has a story to tell. Quli Qutub Shahi fell in love with a courtesan namely Bhagmati, he named the city Bhagyanagar after her. When they got married, he christened her as Haider Mahal and the city became Hyderabad after her name. Now the literal meaning of the city is ‘city of Haider’. Hyderabad was flourished during Qutub Shahi rule, to receive his patronage crafts man from all over the world came to this city which became a trade centre. It was the centre of pearl and diamond during the rule of Shahi dynasty.
After Mughal invasion, the history of Hyderabad took another turn. Aurangzeb eyeing the rich wealth of the city plundered it, began ruling over the city with his newly appointed Prime Minister Asaf Jah. After four decades rule of Mughals, Hyderabad began to flourish again under the rules of Nizams; the first one was Asaf Jah. Under British rule the Nizams got dominion status and further this city was annexed to Indian Union. British only established their troops at the present Secunderabad city. Hyderabad was once the biggest princely state in pre-British time and the rulers were one of the wealthiest groups of the world.
However it is worth mentioning that after Indian independence, the Nizams continued as a sovereign ruler refusing to join Indian union. Sovereign India took over the state and in 1956 the territories of Hyderabad were divided in three states-Andhra Pradesh, Bombay (Maharasthra) and Karnataka. Hyderabad was included in Andhra Pradesh and became the capital of the state.
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